Chlorhexidine Gluconate + Isopropyl alcohol
Indications
For the disinfection of clean and intact
skin. For pre-operative surgical hand disinfection, hand disinfection on
the ward prior to aseptic procedures or after handling contaminated
materials. For disinfection of the patients’ skin prior to surgery or
other invasive procedures
Pharmacology
Chlorhexidine is a very potent cationic
chemoprophylactic agent that has a broad-spectrum of activity against
gm+ve and gm-ve bacteria. It is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal
depending on its concentration. The bactericidal effect, which is
achieved at high concentrations, is due to the binding of the cationic
to negatively charged bacterial cell walls and extramicrobial complexes.
Bacteriostatic effect is achieved at low concentrations which causes an
alteration of bacterial cell osmotic equilibrium and leakage of
potassium and phosphorus.
Dosage & Administration
Pre-operative surgical hand disinfection:
Dispense 5 ml of solution and spread thoroughly over both hands and
forearms, rubbing vigorously. When dry apply a further 5 ml and repeat
the procedure.
Antiseptic hand disinfection on the ward: Dispense 3 ml of solution and spread thoroughly over the hands and wrists rubbing vigorously until dry.
Disinfection of patients skin: Prior to surgery apply the solution to a sterile swab and rub vigorously over the operation site for a minimum of 2 minutes. Chlorhexidine Gluconate is also used for preparation of the skin prior to invasive procedures such as venepuncture.
Antiseptic hand disinfection on the ward: Dispense 3 ml of solution and spread thoroughly over the hands and wrists rubbing vigorously until dry.
Disinfection of patients skin: Prior to surgery apply the solution to a sterile swab and rub vigorously over the operation site for a minimum of 2 minutes. Chlorhexidine Gluconate is also used for preparation of the skin prior to invasive procedures such as venepuncture.
Interaction
Chlorhexidine is incompatible with soaps
and other anionic agents. Hypochlorite bleaches may cause brown stains
to develop in fabrics which have previously been in contact with
chlorhexidine solutions.
Contraindications
Chlorhexidine Gluconate is contraindicated
for persons who have previously shown a hypersensitivity reaction to
chlorhexidine. However, such reactions are extremely rare.
Side Effects
Irritative skin reactions can occasionally occur. Generalised allergic reactions have also been reported but are extremely rare
Pregnancy & Lactation
No untoward effects are known
Precautions & Warnings
Avoid contact with brain, meninges, middle ear or sensitive tissues and eyes. Do not inject or use in body cavities.
Overdose Effects
Symptoms: Pharyngeal oedema, necrotic lesions of the esophagus and elevated serum aminotransferase concentrations.
Management: Gastric lavage using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap, or employ appropriate supportive measures.
Management: Gastric lavage using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap, or employ appropriate supportive measures.
Therapeutic Class
Chlorhexidine & Chloroxylenol preparations
Storage Conditions
Do not store above 25° C.