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Cefuroxime Axetil + Clavulanic Acid


Indications

It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
  • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
  • Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
  • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
  • Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli.
  • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
  • Uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
  • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
  • Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
  • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
  • Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
  • Septicemia caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains) & Klebsiella spp.
  • Meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Neisseria meningitidis & Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase producing strains)
  • Switch therapy (Injectable to oral)


Pharmacology

Cefuroxime is a bactericidal second generation cephalosporin antibiotic which is active against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative susceptible organisms including many beta-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with the transpeptidation process.

Clavulanic acid is a naturally derived beta lactamase inhibitor produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus. It has similar structure to beta lactam antibiotics which binds irreversibly to beta-lactamase enzymes and inactivates them. Clavulanic acid gives protection of Cefuroxime from degradation by beta lactamase enzymes and provides a solution for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by beta lactam resistant bacteria.



Dosage

Adolescents and adults (13 years and older)-
  • Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
  • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
  • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
  • Secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days 
  • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
  • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg b.i.d. for 7-10 days
  • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg b.i.d. Single dose
  • Community acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
  • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg b.i.d. for 10-14 days
  • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days
Paediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years)-
  • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 5-10 days
  • Acute otitis media: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
  • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
  • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days


Administration

Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid tablet may be taken without regard of food.



Interaction

Concomitant administration of probenecid with Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid increases the area under the serum concentration versus time curve by 50%. Drug that reduces gastric acidity may result in a lower bioavailability of Cefuroxime and tend to cancel the effect of postprandial absorption.


Contraindications

Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to cephalosporin & in patients with Pseudomembranous Colitis.



Side Effects

Generally Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid is well tolerated. However, a few side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort or pain may occur. As with other broad-spectrum antibiotics, prolonged administration of Cefuroxime and Clavulanic acid combination may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms. Rarely (<0.2%) renal dysfunction, anaphylaxis, angioedema, pruritis, rash and serum sickness like urticaria may appear.


Pregnancy & Lactation

While all antibiotics should be avoided in the first trimester if possible. However, Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid can be safely used in later pregnancy to treat urinary and other infections. Cefuroxime-Clavulanic Acid is excreted into the breast milk in small quantities. However, the possibility of sensitizing the infant should be kept in mind.


Precautions & Warnings

Cefuroxime should be given with care to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics & who has history of colitis.


Therapeutic Class

Second generation Cephalosporins


Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place (below 30o C), away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.


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IndicationsIt is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.Pharyngitis/..

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IndicationsIt is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.Pharyngitis/..

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IndicationsIt is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.Pharyngitis/..

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IndicationsIt is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.Pharyngitis/..

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IndicationsIt is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.Pharyngitis/..

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