Generic
Lactulose
Indications
Constipation (Chronic Constipation): The initial treatment for chronic constipation should include a high-fiber diet (vegetables, salads, fruits, etc. ), plenty of liquids, and plenty of physical activity. Lactulose should only be used if these measures are ineffective.
Disturbances in intestinal flora: When the intestinal flora is damaged, it can lead to a variety of problems (e.g. following long-term antibiotic treatment). Intestinal disorders gall bladder illnesses ( Colitis, Diverticulosis, Megacolon). Ammonia levels in the blood have risen (hyper ammoniemia in hepatopathy, portal-systemic encephalopathy)
Pharmacology
Lactulose is a disaccharide that has been synthesized. Lactulose is digested in the colon by saccharolytic bacteria, which produces low molecular weight organic acids (mostly lactic acid), which lowers the pH of the colon contents, promotes water retention via an osmotic action, and so increases peristaltic activity. Because lactulose is only slightly absorbed, the pharmacokinetics of the absorbed substance have no bearing on the primary therapeutic effect.
Dosage & Administration
In constipation ( chronic constipation):
- Adults: Initially 3-6 tea-spoons daily, In long-term therapy 1½-6 tea-spoons daily
- Children up to 14 years: Initially 3 tea-spoons daily, In long-term therapy 1-2 tea-spoons daily
- Infants and toddlers: Initially 1-2 tea-spoons daily, In long-term therapy 1 tea-spoon daily
In damaged intestinal flora:
- Adults: 1-2 tea-spoons daily
- Children: 1 tea-spoon daily
For reduction of blood ammonia level:
- Hyper-ammoniemia in hepatopathy: a maximum of 18-30 tea-spoons daily.
- In portal systemic encephalopathy: hourly doses of 6-9 tea-spoons of Lactulose solution may be used to induce the rapid laxation. When the laxative effect has been achieved, the dose may then be reduced.
Interaction
With lactulose, there are no notable medication interactions. In misuse, potassium deprivation can amplify the glycosidic action of cardiac glycosides.
Contraindications
Galactose and/or lactose hypersensitivity; galactose-free diet; gastro-cardial symptom complex; possible intestinal obstruction
Side Effects
Flatulence, cramps, and abdominal discomfort may occur at the start of treatment; this is quickly resolved by lowering the dose. Overdosing might cause diarrhoea. Electrolyte loss is a common side effect of drug misuse (primarily potassium).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Lactulose is classified as a pregnancy category B by the US Food and Drug Administration. Lactulose has been shown in studies to have no negative effects. A registered physician must make decisions about use during pregnancy and lactation.
Precautions & Warnings
Patients who are intolerant to lactulose should be given the sugar with caution. The dose used in the treatment of (pre) coma hepaticum is usually substantially higher, and diabetics should be aware of this.
Therapeutic Class
Purgatives based on osmotic pressure
Storage Conditions
Keep away from light and heat in a dry location. Keep out of children's reach.
Pharmaceutical Name
Pharmasia Limited
Tags: Lactolax 100 ml