Metrona Tablet

Indications

Metronidazole is suitable for the treatment of the following diseases: 

• Prevention of postoperative infections caused by anaerobic bacteria (especially anaerobic Bacteroides and streptococci). 
• Treatment of sepsis, bacteremia, peritonitis, brain abscess, pelvic abscess, pelvic cellulitis, and postoperative wound infection caused by anaerobic bacteria.  
• Treatment of genitourinary trichomoniasis. 
•  Bacterial vaginitis (also called nonspecific vaginitis).  
• All forms of amebiasis (transmitted by intestinal and parenteral diseases and asymptomatic cysts).  
• Giardiasis. 
• Acute ulcerative gingivitis.
• Leg ulcers and pressure sores with anaerobic infection. 
• Acute tooth infection caused by anaerobic organisms.  
• Antibiotic-related pseudomembranous colitis.

Pharmacology

Metronidazole is a member of the imidazole class of antibacterial drugs and is classified as an antiprotozoal drug in treatment. The 5 nitro group of metronidazole is reduced by the metabolism of anaerobic bacteria. Studies have shown that the reduced form of this drug interacts with DNA and produces the bactericidal effect of metronidazole.

Dosage & Administration

Tablets and suspensions: 
 

trichomoniasis (adults and children over 10 years) 
 

200 mg tid or 400 mg twice a day for 7 consecutive days 

800 mg in the morning and 12 g at night for 2 days 

2 g for 44 days Single dose

trichomoniasis (children) 
 children 710 years: 100 mg tid 
 children 37 years: 100 mg twice daily 
 children 13 years: 50 mg tid 

intestinal amebiasis (adults and children 40 days 40 days, 45 mg daily , 45 times a day, 45 times every 4 months) children) 
 

710-year-old children: 400 mg three times a day 
37-year-old children: 200 mg four times a day 
13-year-old children: 200 mg three times a day 
 

parenteral and asymptomatic disease Ami Barbaric (adults and children) 44 days and 44 years Children over 44 years Amebiasis (children) 
 

children 710 years: 200 400 mg tid 
children 37 years: 100 200 mg qid 
children 13 years: 100 200 mg tid 
 

Giardiasis (Giardiasis for adults older than 10 days and children older than 44 years once daily with Giardi to over 44 years) Children over 344 years) 
 

Children 710 years: 1 g per day 
Children over 37 years: 600 800 mg 
 once a day Children 13 years: 500 mg once a day 
 

acute ulcerative gingivitis (adults and children over 10 years) 200 mg 3 days  

Acute ulcer 44 children 44 years 47 100 mg tid 
 

37 years children: 100 mg twice a day 
 

children 13 years: 50 mg three times a day 
 

Acute dental infection (adults and children over 10 years) 
 200 mg three times a day for 37 consecutive days children 
 

Bacterial Bacterial bacterial infections over 4 years 400 mg twice a day for 7 consecutive days 
 2 grams per day, single administration for 1 consecutive day 
 

Leg ulcers and bedsores (adults and children over 10 years) 
 400 mg once daily for 7 consecutive days 
 Anaerobic infections (adults and children over 10 years) 804 The starting dose is mg, then 400 mg three times a day for 7 days Consecutive days 

 Anaerobic infection (children) 
 Children 110 years: 7.5 mg / kg three times a day 
 Surgical prevention (adults and children over 10 years) 
 400 mg three times a day 
 444 hours before surgery 444 hours per day 
 Surgical prevention (children) 
 Children aged 110 years: 7.5 mg / kg time

Interactions

• Disulfiram: Patients who use metronidazole and disulfiram at the same time have reported psychotic reactions. 
   
• Alcohol: alcoholic beverages and alcohol-containing drugs should not be consumed during treatment and for at least one day after treatment, because disulfiram-like reactions (anti-abuse effects) (flushing, vomiting, tachycardia) may occur.
• Oral anticoagulant therapy (warfarin type): The anticoagulant effect is enhanced, and the liver catabolism is reduced, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. In the case of co-administration, prothrombin time should be monitored more frequently and anticoagulant therapy should be adjusted during metronidazole treatment. 
   
• Lithium: Metronidazole can increase the content of lithium in the plasma. 
   
• Cyclosporine: When co-administration is required, serum cyclosporine and serum creatinine should be closely monitored. 
   
• Phenytoin or phenobarbital: increased elimination of metronidazole leads to decreased plasma levels. 
   
• 5 Fluorouracil: The clearance rate of 5 Fluorouracil is reduced, which increases the toxicity of 5 Fluorouracil. 
   
• Busulfan: Metronidazole may increase the plasma concentration of busulfan, which can cause severe busulfan toxicity.

Contraindications

Patients who have a history of allergy to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives should not use metronidazole.

Side-Effects

Metallic smell, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, and rash may occur during treatment.

Pregnancy & Lactation

The US FDA classifies pregnancy with metronidazole as B. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies do not always predict human response, the drug should be used during pregnancy only when clearly necessary. Metronidazole has been shown to be excreted in human milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administering metronidazole to lactating women.

Precautions & Warnings

If for convincing reasons, metronidazole must be administered for longer than the usual recommended duration, it is recommended to perform hematological tests, especially white blood cell counts, and monitor the patient for adverse reactions such as peripheral or central neuropathy (such as Such as feeling abnormal). , Ataxia, dizziness, seizures). 
Metronidazole should be used with caution in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.  Patients should be informed that metronidazole may darken the urine.

Therapeutic Class

Amoebicides, Anti-diarrhoeal Antiprotozoal

Storage Conditions